RAM (random access memory) < ROM (read-only memory) <Properties: volatility, read and write capabilities, application-based computer system, examples. <volatility < RAM <volatile: lost all data when computer is off <ROM <Non-volatile: no lost data when computer off < read & write capabilities < RAM < high-speed & random read & write < ROM < only read..writing is impossible/low < application-based < RAM < temporary store data & application used by CPU < ROM <Store permanent firmware, bootloaders & BIOS/UEFI. <Speed <RAM—very fast (nanoseconds) (size—in GB) <ROM—slower than RAM (size—in MB) <examples>RAM--DDR5 (primary memory) SDRAM...modern processors (Intel Core i9, AMD Ryzen 9) < ROM—flash memory (BIOS chips/UEFI)—When you turn on your PC, the processor reads from this non-volatile chip to initialize hardware.